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Anemia is one of the most common types of blood disorders and it happens when there is less number of red blood cells than normal. In other words, the hemoglobin content in the blood is less. This occurs due to excessive blood loss, less production of red blood cells or excessive destruction of red blood cells.
Aplastic anemia is yet another type found in the list of blood disorders and it happens when the bone marrow produces less number of red cells, white cells and platelets. When there is less number of red blood cells, it leads to a drop in hemoglobin levels. In the same way, reduced number of white blood cells makes the person more prone to infection. In the case of reduced number of platelets, the blood doesn’t clot that easily.
Hemolytic anemia is a types of blood disorder in which the red blood cells are destroyed quickly. In this type you have two categories-intrinsic and extrinsic. Megaloblastic anemia is another type commonly found in the list of blood disorders where the red blood cells become large and the inner contents of each cell are not completely developed. A patient might suffer from digestive diseases, mal-absorption, medication-induced folic acid deficiency and deficiency of folic acid because of this.
Sickle cell disease is yet another blood disorder which is usually inherited and is characterized by defective hemoglobin. Thalassemia is yet another types of blood disorder that affects the production of normal hemoglobin. The severity and type of this particular anemia depends on the number of affected genes. It is quite common in Africa, Mediterranean Sea, and Southeast Asia. There is also Alpha Thalassemia which is a disorder of blood caused by mutations in the alpha chain of the hemoglobin molecule. Beta Thalassemia, on the other hand, is caused by mutations in the beta chain of the hemoglobin molecule. Next in the list of blood disorders are Hemochromatosis which is often hereditary and a condition which causes body tissue to absorb and store too much iron.
Leukemia is cancer of the blood-forming tissues where there is a large increase in the number of white blood cells in the circulation or bone marrow. Mastocytosis is a condition where one has more mast cells in the body deposited in the skin, the linings of the stomach and intestine and connective tissue. Aynogenic Myeloid Meteplasia is a condition in which the bone marrow becomes scarred; and reduces the production of blood cells. Amyloidosis is also a blood disorder related to bone marrow and it happens due to excessive production of a particular kind of protein called amyloid. It is a life threatening problem.
